Expert Consensus on Clinical Diseases Responding Specifically to Traditional Chinese Medicine：Fibromyalgia Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Fibromyalgia syndrome （FMS） is a refractory， chronic non-articular rheumatic disease characterized by widespread pain throughout the body， for which there are no satisfactory therapeutic drugs or options. There are rich Chinese medical therapies， and some non-drug therapies， such as acupuncture， Tai Chi， and Ba-Duan-Jin， have shown satisfactory efficacy and safety and definite advantages of simultaneously adjusting mind and body. FMS is taken as a disease responding specifically to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2018. In order to clarify the research progress in FMS and the clinical advantages of TCM/integrated Chinese and Western medicine， the China Academy of Chinese Medicine organized a seminar for nearly 20 experts in Chinese and Western medicine， including rheumatology， psychology， acupuncture and moxibustion， and encephalopathy， with the topic of difficulties in clinical diagnosis and treatment of FMS and advantages of TCM and Western medicine. The recommendations were reached on the difficulties in early diagnosis and solutions of FMS， mitigation of common non-specific symptoms， preferential analgesic therapy， TCM pathogenesis and treatment advantages， and direction of treatment with integrated Chinese and Western medicine. FMS is currently facing the triple dilemma of low early correct diagnosis， poor patient participation， and unsatisfactory benefit from pure Western medicine treatment. To solve the above problems， this paper suggests that rheumatologists should serve as the main diagnostic force of this disease， and they should improve patient participation in treatment decision-making， implement exercise therapy， and fully utilize the holistic and multidimensional features of TCM， which is effective in alleviating pain， improving mood， and decreasing adverse events. In addition， it is suggested that FMS treatment should rely on both TCM and Western medicine and adopt multidisciplinary joint treatment， which is expected to improve the standard of diagnosis and treatment of FMS in China.

YBX1 Promotes the Inclusion of RUNX2 Alternative Exon 5 in Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Background and Objectives@#RUNX2 plays an essential role during the odontoblast differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). RUNX2 Exon 5 is an alternative exon and essential for RUNX2 transcriptional activity. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of RUNX2 exon 5 alternative splicing in human DPSCs. @*Methods@#and Results: The regulatory motifs of RUNX2 exon 5 were analyzed using the online SpliceAid program. The alternative splicing of RUNX2 exon 5 in DPSCs during mineralization-induced differentiation was analyzed by RT-PCR. To explore the effect of splicing factor YBX1 on exon 5 alternative splicing, gaining or losing function of YBX1 was performed by transfection of YBX1 overexpression plasmid or anti-YBX1 siRNA in DPSCs. Human RUNX2 exon 5 is evolutionarily conserved and alternatively spliced in DPSCs. There are three potential YBX1 binding motifs in RUNX2 exon 5. The inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 and YBX1 expression level increased significantly during mineralization-induced differentiation in DPSCs. Overexpression of YBX1 significantly increased the inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 in DPSCs. In contrast, silence of YBX1 significantly reduced the inclusion of exon 5 and the corresponding RUNX2 protein expression level. Knockdown of YBX1 reduced the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) and the mineralization ability of DPSCs, while overexpression of YBX1 increased the expression of ALP and OC and the mineralization ability of DPSCs. @*Conclusions@#Human RUNX2 exon 5 is conserved evolutionarily and alternatively spliced in DPSCs. Splicing factor YBX1 promotes the inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 and improves the mineralization ability of DPSCs.

Clinicopathological analysis of orbital neurilemoma:a report of 8 cases / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective The purpose of this study is to study the clinical and pathological features of neurilemoma .Methods We observed the clinicopathologic features and immunohistochemical staining from eight patients with orbital neurilemoma between 2010.1~2012.12.Results Eight patients with classic neurilemoma were included in the study ,in which there were five males and three females ,aged between 21 and 63,mean age 35.The main symptom of the patients was exophthalmos ,including five cases of right eyes and three left eyes;2 cases of orbital floor and six above orbit ,lasting for one to ten years .The tumor diameter ranged between 1cm and 5 cm,an average of 3 cm,being pale and light yellow color .There were five cases of type Antoni A and one case of type was Antoni B among the six classic type neurilemoma .Two cases of ancient were neurilemoma ,in which one case was the histological structure of the classic type neurilemoma ,but there were more hypertrophy tumor cells , chromatin was coarse block atypia cells .The other one case with cells arranged disorderly ,which was mainly fine striated cells with scattered deeply stained atypia cells ,stromal transparent degeneration ,cystic degeneration .Im-munohistochemistry results showed that S -100(+),vimentin(+),ki67(-).Conclusion Antoni type B and ancient schwannoma are rare ,with complicated histologic characteristics .Combined with clinical features and im-munohistochemistry staining ,it can be diagnosed .

Efficacy of immune responses induced by anti-caries DNA vaccine-loaded bacterial ghost in mice / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an anti-caries DNA vaccine-loaded Salmonella typhimurium (St) ghost and enhance the efficacy of immune responses induced by anti-caries DNA vaccine via mucosal route.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Both pREP4 and PhiX gene E expression plasmids were transformed into StJ357 and then induced with isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). The bacterial ghosts (BG) were collected after wash and loaded with anti-caries DNA vaccine pGJGLU/VAX. Mice were divided into four groups and immunized through the nasal route with pGJGLU/VAX-loaded BG (Group Ghost+pGJGLU/VAX), pVAX1-loaded BG (Group Ghost+pVAX1), pGJGLU/VAX-Bupivacaine complex (Group pGJGLU/VAX) and pVAX1-Bupivacaine complex (Group pVAX1), respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate the immune responses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ELISA results showed that group Ghost+pGJGLU/VAX had significantly higher level of specific anti-GLU SIgA antibody [(0.367 ± 0.086) A/µg] compared with group Ghost+pVAX1 [(0.122 ± 0.077) A/µg], Group pGJGLU/VAX[(0.068 ± 0.068) A/µg] or Group pVAX1[(0.089 ± 0.089) A/µg] (P = 0.028, 0.012 or 0.030, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>St ghost was developed successfully, which enhanced the efficacy of immune responses induced by anti-caries DNA vaccine pGJGLU/VAX via the nasal route.</p>

Intranasal immunization against dental caries with plasmid DNA encoding pac gene of Streptococcus mutans in gnotobiotic rats / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To assess the efficacy of plasmid DNA encoding pac gene of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) intranasally immunized in gnotobiotic rats and to compare the effect of two different delivery systems.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sprague Dawley rats, infected with S. mutans at 20 days of age, were intranasally immunized with plasmid pCIA-P (group A), Dosper-DNA complex (group B), Bupivacaine-DNA complex (group C). Control rats were either immunized with plasmid pCI (group D), distilled water (group E) or immunized intramuscularly (group F). All the rats were boosted 2 weeks later. ELISA determined the antibodies against the vaccines. Keyes caries score was used to evaluate the anti- caries effectiveness of the vaccines at the terminal study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As for the antibody reactions, there were significantly (P < 0.01) differences between rats immunized with DNA vaccine and non-immunized rats. And rats in group B and C had the significantly (P < 0.01) higher level of specific salivary anti-PAc IgA antibodies and rats (group B, C, F) had the significantly (P < 0.01) higher specific serum anti-PAc IgG responses to DNA vaccine. Keyes scores of rats (group B and C) were significantly (P < 0.01) lower than others.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Intranasal immunization with plasmid pCIA-P encoding pac gene successfully reduces the caries and appears to be a promising approach against dental caries. Cationic liposome Dosper and local anesthetic bupivacaine could enhance the efficacy of DNA vaccine.</p>

Construction and cellular expression of GTF-PAc fusion anti-caries DNA vaccine / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a fusion anti-caries DNA vaccine pGLUA-P carrying GLU fragment from gtfB gene of Streptococcus mutans GS-5 and A-P fragment including the A region and P region of PAc protein from a DNA anti-caries vaccine pCIA-P, and to investigate its expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The sequence of GLU fragment in pGLU plasmid was testified by DNA sequencing. The fusion anti-caries DNA vaccine was constructed by ligating A-P fragment from pCIA-P to pGLU. The expression of GLUA-P fusion protein in E. coli BL21 (DE3) was induced by IPTG and checked by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. pGLUA-P was transfected in vitro to cultured rat primary muscle cells by cation liposome Dosper, and immunohistochemical method was used to test the expression of GLUA-P fusion protein in cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>GLU sequence was identical with relative sequence of GTF-I (GS-5 strain) in Gene Bank. Recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pGLUA-P was confirmed to have both GLU and A-P fragment. After pGLUA-P was transferred into E. coli (DE3), it could express a new 115 000 protein by the induce of IPTG. Specific brown products could be found in the cytoplasm of cultured rat primary muscle cells transfected by pGLUA-P.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Fusion anti-caries DNA vaccine pGLUA-P is successfully constructed and confirmed by sequencing and enzymes digestion. Fusion GLUA-P protein can be correctly expressed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.</p>

DNA vaccine encoding Streptococcus mutans surface protein protected gnotobiotic rats from caries / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Protein of Streptococcus mutans is considered as one of the virulence factors due to its ability to mediate the initial attachment of Streptococcus mutans to tooth surface. In this study, an anticaries DNA vaccine pCIA-P was used to immunize rats. The expression of PAc in different tissues in vivo, specific immune response and protection effects against dental caries were observed.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Plasmid pCIA-P was injected into rats by two different routs: intramuscular injection (i.m.) and targeted salivary gland immunization (TSG). Immunohistochemistry technique was used to detect the expression of PAc. Gnotobiotic rats were vaccinated with pCIA-P by three different approaches: TSG, intramuscular injection and buccal mucosal injection (i.o.). The specific immune responses were evaluated by ELISA and their anticaries effects were evaluated by Keyes caries scores.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PAc was expressed in the sarcoplasm and sarcolemma of muscle fibers and submandibular glands, especially strongly positive in duct regions. The levels of serum specific anti-PAc IgG and salivary specific anti-PAc IgA in TSG immunization and buccal mucosal immunization group were significantly higher than those of other groups. The Keyes caries scores of those two groups were significantly lower than those of other groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The plasmid pCIA-P could provoke specific immune responses as a novel immunogen. Mucosal immunization with pCIA-P appears to be an effective genetic immunization method against dental caries.</p>

Clinicopathological changes of renal transplantation related Kaposi's sarcoma / 中国癌症杂志

Background and Purpose:Kaposi's sarcoma(KS) cases occurring in renal allograph recipients was considered to be due to long-term immunosuppressive therapy.But the exact carcinogenetic process has not been elucidated so far.The lesions could not be distinguished from other KS types by histopathological study.Endemic KS cases seemed to be more common in Xinjiang,especially in the Uygur ethnic group,and their relation to other types of KS was investigated in three cases by histopathology and immunohistochemistry for the present study.Methods:Biopsy specimens from three cases of renal tronsplantation related KS,including two Uygur and one Han patients,were obtained from this hospital(No.474 hospital of PLA).Formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded blocks were cut for routine HE and immunohistochemical staining to study respectively.Monoantibodies of CD34,Ⅷ-factor,Vimentin,actin and FN were detected by S-P techniques for immunohistochemistry.Results:Histopathologically,the typical histology of traditional KS was found in almost all the specimens of the three patients.In the early stage of the disease,there are only a few vessel fissures with irregular dilation and clustering obese(epithelioid)cells.In the middle stage,the changes are wider in scope with proliferation of spindle cells,in the form of beams and weaves.The proliferating vessels are dilated and hyperemic around the lesion.In the late stage,the spindle cells proliferation are markedly atypical,and karyokinesis is increased.Immunohistochemistry showed CD34 to be more strongly positive,Ⅷ-Factor(+),Vimentin(+) showed a weak reation;while actin(-),FN(-) were negative.Conclusions:Renal transplantation related KS is not essentially different from other types of KS both in histopathohogy and immunohistochemical characters which may reflect that they have a similar etiopathogenetic procession.However,the distinctive distribution of morbidity among different ethnic groups or districts strongly suggested that the genetic background plays a critical role on KS carcinogenesis.

CT evaluation of the epibulbar dermoid and dermolipoma / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the CT imaging features and its diagnostic value in patients with epibulbar dermoid and dermolipoma. Methods Twelve cases with epibulbar dermoids and dermolipomas were retrospectively analyzed. There were 5 dermoids and 7 dermolipomas, and a distinct female predominance (11/12). The lesions located at the external canthus, and were almost always uniocular and single (right=9, left=3). Transverse plain CT scan was performed in all patients, contrast enhanced CT scan in 5 cases. The clinical aspects, pathological features, and CT findings were then described. Results Crescent-shaped hypodensity lesion attached to the epibulbar was detected in all cases on CT scan. The diameter ranged from 8 mm?5 mm to 25 mm?15 mm. The lesion had a thin wall (1- 3 mm) under the conjunctiva lateral, and could have middle enhancement. Conclusion CT can show the lesion′s range and characteristics, as well as the relationship with the adjacent structures. CT has great directive value for operating on these tumors, and reducing the complications.